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| When people talk about the future of production, they can't do so without using the term "smart factory." But what is it? How does a smart factory work? And what does it have to do with OPC UA?
| In the European Union, Member States are allowed to set minimum performance requirements to construction products available on their market.
| Building code requirements for wind-borne debris protection have been in existence since the mid- 1990s, and as a result, many glazing systems have been tested and certified to these performance requirements.
| The Swiss society of engineers and architects (SIA) initiated a structural glass standard committee with the task to develop a Swiss glass design standard.
| The determination of interlayer modulus data is complex.
| Sustainability and the circular economy are increasingly influencing work and production processes in glass manufacturing, too.
| Historically, monolithic tempered glass has been primarily used in North America, but with the recent changes to the International Building Code (IBC 2015), laminates with heat strengthened or tempered glass are now required.
| This paper presents an evaluation of the use of annealed laminated glass incorporating the stiffer PVB interlayers.
| This presentation offers a new perspective on limit device design and specifications especially due to construction phase and post-occupancy habits in urban environments.
| This paper was first presented at GPD 2019 by Louis Moreau from AGNORA, Canada.
| In this paper, an advanced calculation method developed by Sika is presented to design SSG joints exposed to any kind of stress (tensile, shear and bending).
| This paper will present analyses of sample rectangular double glazed IGUs with symmetrical and asymmetrical heat-strengthened and tempered glass constructions for positive and negative pressure to simulate wind loads.
| This paper was first presented at GPD 2019 by Dr. W.M. Stevels from Eastman Chemical Company.
| Vacuum Insulated Glazing (VIG) concept allows for a significant improvement of thermal insulation compared with the incumbent double-pane windows design.
| Recently, the uniform load resistance of enamel coated glass plates has become a topic of interest with respect to proposed changes to ASTM E1300.
| As a manufacturer and supplier of monolithic, laminated and insulated glass panels, we often produce larger panels that must use heat-treated components, ionoplast interlayers and multi-layer assemblies.
| Glass balustrades are a common application of laminated glass, wherein the glass panel acts as a structural member that is required to sustain lateral design loads as stipulated by building regulations.
| Numerous innovations have been seen in the last decades concerning new façade technologies. These were driven by new materials or new applications of known materials, such as glued-on wall structures (structural glazing) in the 60’s and 70’s.
| The fragment count in the standardized fragmentation test in the standard EN 12150-1 is the way to define the safety level of tempered glass and a way to also get an indication about the stress and strength level of the tempered glass.
| Adhesive bonding is an efficient joining process with great potential for materialefficient constructions. Today, the technology is already applied in almost all branches of industry.
| Windows have always been at the intersection of various technologies and architectural processes that evolved in parallel and often intertwined.
| Condensation is regarded as a problem associated with old and new windows. Commonly seen on the inside pane of glazing, new high performance sealed units and windows have resulted in condensation sometimes forming on the outside pane.
| What relevance do British Standards have on the specification of partitions?
| There are an increasing amount of products available that offer varying degrees of natural daylight and most will be familiar with smaller scale skylights, rooflights or roof windows.